Liver elastography

What Is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the most advanced and safest diagnostic methods in modern medicine. During an MRI examination, a strong magnetic field and radiofrequency waves are used to produce detailed images of internal organs and soft tissues. This examination does not use ionizing radiation, making it safer than some other imaging methods, such as X-ray or Computed Tomography (CT) scans.

MRI can be performed on various parts of the body, either with or without a contrast agent. It helps diagnose a wide range of conditions, including tissue injuries, inflammation, and tumors.

Is MRI a Safe Examination Method?

MRI is a painless and non-invasive imaging method that is not associated with any known harmful effects on the human body. However, some temporary symptoms may occur during the examination, such as dizziness, nausea, a metallic taste in the mouth, fatigue, or increased sweating. Some patients may also experience discomfort due to the confined space and the need to remain still.

If you are pregnant or suspect that you may be pregnant, it is important to inform your doctor. In early pregnancy, or in certain situations, particularly when contrast agents are required, the examination may need to be postponed.

Before undergoing an MRI scan, your doctor should be informed if you have a pacemaker, stents, or any other implanted medical devices. It is also important to mention any recent surgeries or medical procedures.

When Is an MRI Scan Performed?

• For brain imaging (when tumors, stroke, multiple sclerosis, or other central nervous system disorders are suspected).
• For spinal imaging (to diagnose herniated discs, osteochondrosis, spinal degeneration, and other structural abnormalities).
• For joint imaging (to assess the condition of the menisci, ligaments, and other soft tissues).
• For abdominal imaging (when liver, pancreatic, kidney, or other abdominal organ disorders are suspected).
• For soft tissue imaging (when disorders of muscles, adipose tissue, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissues, or other soft tissues are suspected).
• For genitourinary system imaging (when diseases of the kidneys, bladder, or reproductive organs are suspected).

MRI Cannot Be Performed:

• If the patient has a pacemaker, subcutaneous defibrillator, mechanical heart valve, or vagus nerve stimulator (a consultation with a physician is required, as some devices may be MRI-compatible).
• If the patient has metal clips or plates in the brain that were implanted more than 20 years ago (safety documentation is required, and the associated risks must be evaluated).
• If the patient has metallic implants or bullet fragments containing nickel, cobalt, or iron (depending on the material, a physician's consultation may be required).
• During pregnancy, especially in the first trimester (up to 12 weeks), MRI is generally avoided; however, in specific cases, it may be performed later in pregnancy following medical consultation.
• Women with intrauterine devices (IUDs) should consult their gynecologist before the MRI examination to ensure compatibility.
• If the patient uses insulin pumps, morphine pumps, or other medication delivery devices, consultation with a physician is recommended to assess potential effects on the equipment.

How Is an MRI Examination Performed?

• Upon arrival, the patient completes a consent form to assess any contraindications. Before the examination, the patient changes into disposable clothing.
• A radiology technologist explains the procedure and provides an emergency call button, which can be used to contact the technologist if the patient feels unwell. Patients with claustrophobia may still undergo the examination if they feel comfortable. If excessive discomfort occurs, the examination may be stopped.
• Loud noises are heard during the scan, which is normal. Headphones will be provided to reduce the noise level. During the examination, the patient must remain still and relaxed.
• MRI is a painless imaging method that does not use ionizing radiation, making it safe for both adults and children. The duration of the examination depends on the area being scanned (approximately 15-20 minutes to 1 hour). After the examination, a radiologist reviews the images and provides a diagnostic report.

How Should I Prepare for an MRI Examination?

Preparation for an MRI examination depends on the body area being scanned. Unless otherwise instructed, patients may attend the examination as usual and continue taking their regular medications. MRI examinations can be performed without restrictions in patients with dental implants, dentures, or metal crowns.

Before a liver MRI examination:

• It is recommended not to eat for at least 6 hours before the examination.
• Results of a creatinine (CREA) test performed within the previous 3 months may be required before the examination.
• If you have an allergy to contrast agents, especially gadolinium-based contrast agents, it is important to inform the radiology technologist.

If a referral is issued by a gastroenterologist or another specialist physician, the MRI examination may be reimbursed by the Territorial Health Insurance Fund (TLK). Charges for disposable clothing and image storage media are subject to the clinic’s pricing policy.