Computed tomography angiography of main carotid arteries

Computed tomography (CT) angiography of the major neck arteries is an advanced diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the main arteries of the neck in detail, including the carotid arteries and vertebral arteries. This examination provides comprehensive information about the condition of the vessel walls, their diameter, blood flow, and potential pathological changes such as atherosclerotic plaques, aneurysms, stenoses, or dissections.

What is CT Angiography of the Major Neck Arteries?

Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging examination that uses X-rays and computer processing to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body's internal structures. Angiography means that the examination is performed with the administration of a contrast agent, which is injected into a vein. The contrast agent travels through the blood vessels, allowing them to be clearly visualized on CT images.

CT angiography of the major neck arteries is particularly useful for assessing vascular diseases affecting cerebral circulation, as it provides high-resolution images that enable accurate evaluation of arterial wall integrity and the identification of narrowing, dilation, or tears within the vessels.

When is CT Angiography of the Major Neck Arteries Performed?

This examination is most commonly performed when the following conditions affecting the major neck arteries are suspected or diagnosed:

• Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA): to identify vascular abnormalities that may have caused the event.
• Atherosclerosis: narrowing of the carotid arteries caused by atherosclerotic plaque buildup, increasing the risk of stroke.
• Aneurysms: abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall that may rupture and cause bleeding.
• Stenosis: narrowing of blood vessels that restricts blood flow to the brain.
• Dissection: separation of the layers of a blood vessel wall.
• Dizziness, fainting, or visual disturbances: when the cause is unclear and vascular pathology of the neck arteries is suspected.
• Pre- and post-surgical evaluation: for planning surgical interventions (e.g., carotid endarterectomy) or assessing treatment outcomes.
• Trauma: evaluation of vascular injuries involving the neck arteries following trauma.

Examination Procedure

CT angiography of the major neck arteries is performed in the radiology department.

1. Preparation: The patient lies on the CT examination table. Removal of metal objects (such as jewelry) may be required.
2. Contrast administration: A contrast agent is injected into a vein.
3. Scanning: The CT scanner acquires a series of X-ray images as the contrast agent passes through the neck arteries.
4. After the procedure: The patient is observed for a short period. Recommendations regarding fluid intake are provided to help eliminate the contrast agent from the body.

The procedure is quick and is generally well tolerated.

Interpretation of Results

The CT angiography images are analyzed by a radiologist. The assessment includes evaluation of the diameter and condition of the neck arteries, as well as identification of atherosclerotic plaques, aneurysms, stenoses, dissections, or other pathological changes. The examination results are provided as a written radiology report along with the image set.

These findings provide important information for the treating physician (such as a neurologist, neurosurgeon, or cardiologist), helping to establish an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.