Periodontology Center

Periodontal Diseases

Periodontal diseases, mainly caused by plaque accumulation around the teeth, are widespread in Lithuania. Studies show that almost 90% of people have signs of this disease to some degree.

If left untreated, early clinical signs of periodontitis gradually progress into severe stages, leading to tooth mobility and eventually tooth loss. The main danger of this disease is that symptoms develop slowly and painlessly, so patients may not notice it for years.

Appointments by phone:
Vilnius: +370 604 16118

What is Periodontitis?

Periodontitis (also known as periodontal disease) is a condition in which the tissues surrounding the teeth are damaged due to plaque accumulation. It usually develops slowly and without pain, making it very common—studies indicate that nearly every second older adult has experienced this condition.

Causes of Periodontitis

Periodontitis most often develops due to poor oral hygiene and the accumulation of bacteria in the mouth. Substances released by these bacteria affect gum tissues and lead to plaque formation, which later causes inflammation.

If soft plaque is not removed, it builds up between teeth and under the gums, eventually hardening into tartar (calculus)—mineralized deposits on the tooth surface. Tartar presses on the gums, leads to bone loss, and forms so-called “pockets.” As a result:

• gums swell,
• change color,
• begin to bleed,
• and gradually recede from the tooth.

If tartar is not removed in time, the tooth neck and later the root become exposed, and bad breath may develop.

Periodontitis often occurs when the immune system is weakened or in the presence of chronic diseases. It is also more common in people with saliva secretion disorders or hormonal imbalances.

The disease can also develop due to:

• improper bite,
• poorly fitted dental prostheses,
• smoking,
• excessive alcohol consumption,
• in rare cases, genetic factors.

It is very important to consult a periodontist in time, as otherwise one or more teeth may be lost, and the disease may negatively affect overall health.

Symptoms of Periodontitis

Signs indicating the development of periodontitis include:

• Redness of the gums
• Bleeding gums
• Gum recession and exposed tooth roots (teeth appear longer)
• Formation of gaps between teeth due to bone loss
• Tooth mobility and shifting
• Sensitivity to cold, hot, or acidic foods
• Bad breath

The first symptom is usually gum bleeding, most noticeable during tooth brushing. As soon as bleeding is observed, it is important to consult a periodontist for an accurate diagnosis.